Grade 9 Unit 5 Topic 1 Section C

The Great Wall

The Great Wall of China is one of the greatest wonders of the world. The entire ^[1]entire: US: [ɪnˈtaɪr]  UK: [ɪnˈtaɪə(r)]  adj. 全部的；整个的；完全的 wall, which has many branches ^[2]branch: US: [bræntʃ] UK: [brɑːntʃ]  n. 分支；分行；树枝；支路, is about 8 800 kilometers long. It stretches from Shanhaiguan in the east to Jiayuguan in the west.

The construction ^[3]construction: US: [kənˈstrʌkʃ(ə)n] UK: [kən’strʌkʃ(ə)n]  n. 施工；建筑；建立；建造 was begun during the Warring States Period, which was about 2 500 years ago. The states ^[4]state: n. 状态；国家；状况；州  v. 说明；陈述；声明；规定 of Qin, Wei, Zhao, Qi, Yan and Zhongshan all built walls to protect their people. The first emperor, Qin Shihuang, joined all these smaller walls together to make the Great Wall.

These early walls that were made of ^[5]be made of: 由……制成；用…制成 packed earth and wood wore away ^[6]wear away: 消逝；磨损 in the rain and wind. Few of these walls remain ^[7]remain: US: [rɪˈmeɪn]  UK: [rɪ’meɪn] v. 逗留；剩余；遗留；继续存在. Most of the Great Wall that can be seen today was built during the Ming dynasty. It was made of stone and brick ^[8]brick: US: [brɪk]  UK: [brɪk] n. 砖；砖块；积木；可靠的朋友 that would last longer.

The Great Wall was first built by ancient people to separate ^[9]separate: US: [ˈsepərət] UK: [ˈsep(ə)rət]  v. 分离；区分；隔开；区别  adj. 单独的；独立的；分开的；不同的 them from their enemies ^[10]enemy: US: [ˈenəmi]  UK: [‘enəmi] n. 敌人；敌军；敌国；仇人. Those Ming dynasty rulers did not expect ^[11]expect: US: [ɪkˈspekt]  UK: [ɪk’spekt]  v. 期望；预计；期待；指望 that it would later be used to bring tourists into China. It is said that ^[12]It is said that: 据说 he who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man ^[13]he who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man 不到长城非好汉. The Great Wall is a treasure ^[14]treasure: US: [ˈtreʒər]  UK: [ˈtreʒə(r)]  n. 财富；珍宝；宝物；珍品  v. 珍藏；珍视；珍爱；珍重 of Chinese civilization ^[15]civilization: US: [ˌsɪvɪlɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n] UK: [ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n]  n. 文明；文明社会；文明世界 and it is regarded as ^[16]be regarded as: 被认为是；被当做是 a symbol of the Chinese nation.